The exclave of Nagorno-Karabakh, 99 % of which is inhabited by Armenians, has been the Republic of Arzakh since 2017, is located on the territory of Azerbaijan and is not recognised as a state under international law. The region has been disputed between Armenia and Azerbaijan for more than 100...

According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, Bolivia has a population of about ten million. Christianity is predominant, with a strong influence from natural religions. Many Bolivians live in poverty. Nevertheless, there is a high literacy rate. The South American country combines a high...

With over 1.4 billion inhabitants, India is the most populous country in the world according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. Major challenges are overpopulation as well as cyclones, tsunamis and other natural disasters. Unemployment, poverty and hunger are the consequences. Women and...

The Iraqi population is still suffering from the consequences of the civil war today. From 2014 to 2017, the so-called Islamic State (IS) controlled large parts of the country and was fought by the Iraqi army and allies at the end of 2017. IS atrocities and bloody fighting resulted in countless...

The DR Congo is the second largest country in Africa in terms of area and the fourth largest with a population of around 100 million, according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. The country is also one of the richest in raw materials in the world. Nevertheless, it is one of the poorest due...

Nepal is an agricultural country. However, due to very low and high monsoon rainfall, agriculture is severely affected in some areas. The consequences of the strong earthquakes of 2015 and the floods in 2017 continue to burden many people. According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, the...

According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, Peru has a population of more than 33 million. In recent years, the poverty rate and income inequality have fallen. However, indigenous communities and families in rural areas feel little of this. They often live in poverty and have no secure...

On July 9, 2011, South Sudan gained independence from Sudan to the north. Since then, however, various ethnic groups have been fighting for power. From 2013 to 2018, a civil war raged between the ethnic groups Dinka and Nuer - hundreds of thousands of people died and several million fled to other...

Vietnam has a tropical to temperate tropical climate. During the rainy season between May and October, typhoons often rage, threatening the population with flooding time and again. Slash and burn and deforestation are further challenges in the country. According to the Human Development Report 2021...

Ethiopia has a population of about 113 million, according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. The country in northeastern Africa faces various challenges such as rapid population growth, locust infestations, droughts, progressive soil erosion and resource shortages. The Tigray conflict...